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Diamond
Diamond is native element (carbon), C. In the hand, it rates 10 on the Mohs scale, and it runs colorless and champagne. The hardness ceiling: scratches everything, scratched by nothing, rough crystals are greasy-lustered octahedra that shed water like wax. Kimberlite and lamproite pipes plus river placers: southern Africa, Russia, Botswana, Canada, Australia, Arkansas (USA, public digging).
The geology.
Diamond carries the formula C. It belongs to the isometric system. It is classified as native element (carbon).
It sits at 10 on the Mohs scale. The surface reads adamantine, brilliant. Light behaviour is transparent to opaque (bort). Specific gravity runs 3.50 to 3.53. The streak is none (harder than streak plate). It breaks with perfect octahedral cleavage; conchoidal fracture.
The hardness ceiling: scratches everything, scratched by nothing, rough crystals are greasy-lustered octahedra that shed water like wax.
You will most often meet it as octahedral crystals, rounded dodecahedra, faceted gems or industrial grit.
The origins.
Kimberlite and lamproite pipes plus river placers: southern Africa, Russia, Botswana, Canada, Australia, Arkansas (USA, public digging).
On value, the database notes: industrial bort is cheap; gem diamonds are graded into the stratosphere.
Traditional associations.
In energy work traditions, associated with clarity, invincibility, and amplifying intention.
People buy on this language, so it belongs on the page. It belongs under the facts, though, not over them.
Spotting the real thing.
The hardness ceiling: scratches everything, scratched by nothing, rough crystals are greasy-lustered octahedra that shed water like wax.
Simulants (CZ, moissanite, white sapphire) and lab-grown diamonds saturate the market, lab stones ARE diamond, so certification is the only practical separator.
| Looks like | How to tell them apart |
|---|---|
| Cubic zirconia | CZ is much heavier per size and warms slower; breath fog vanishes instantly from diamond |
| Moissanite | Moissanite shows doubled facet edges under a loupe; diamond's stay single |
| Quartz crystal | Quartz is hexagonal and vastly softer; diamond octahedra have triangular faces |
At-home tests.
You can run every one of these at a kitchen table. Good light matters more than gear when you are looking at diamond.
| Test | What you should see |
|---|---|
| Scratch check | Scratches corundum (the only common mineral that can) |
| Fog test | breath clears almost instantly |
| Water check | Rough crystals repel water but grip grease |
| By touch | Thermal testers separate it from all but moissanite |
Destructive tests belong to a gemologist, not a kitchen table. If a piece matters to you, pay for an appraisal before you take a file to it.
Care & handling.
At 10 on the Mohs scale it stands up to everyday wear. It will still chip on a hard knock, so treat edges and points with respect.
It breaks with perfect octahedral cleavage; conchoidal fracture, which is worth knowing before you set it or drop it.
Clean it by hand, dry it properly, and keep it away from ultrasonic cleaners and hot steam.
A deeper look.
Extended detail on composition, sourcing, authentication and market value.
The physical record
The formula on record is C. Crystal system: Isometric. Specific gravity: 3.50 to 3.53. Streak: None (harder than streak plate). Cleavage and fracture: Perfect octahedral cleavage; conchoidal fracture.
How it reaches the market
Kimberlite and lamproite pipes plus river placers: southern Africa, Russia, Botswana, Canada, Australia, Arkansas (USA, public digging).
What it gets confused with
Cubic zirconia: CZ is much heavier per size and warms slower; breath fog vanishes instantly from diamond. Moissanite: Moissanite shows doubled facet edges under a loupe; diamond's stay single. Quartz crystal: Quartz is hexagonal and vastly softer; diamond octahedra have triangular faces.
What it is worth
Industrial bort is cheap; gem diamonds are graded into the stratosphere.
Where buyers get caught
Simulants (CZ, moissanite, white sapphire) and lab-grown diamonds saturate the market, lab stones ARE diamond, so certification is the only practical separator.
One more thing
Most natural diamonds are over a billion years old, carried up from 150+ km depth in volcanic elevator rides that lasted hours.
An education-first guide.
We do not stock diamond. Writing it up regardless is the point of a reference library.
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